Wonderfully
adapted to an aquatic existence, the otter’s
elongated body terminates in a streamlined
tail that tapers from a thick base to a pointed
tip. Also contributing to the otter’s
fusiform shape is its flattened head and
small ears, the openings of which can be
closed at will. The legs too are short, and
the hind feet are webbed to the toes. The
color of the densely furred coat is a rich
chocolate brown with whitish underparts.
Adults generally weigh from 12 to 20 pounds
with lengths ranging from about 3 feet to
just over 4 feet. The otter’s webbed,
rhomboid tracks are easily distinguishable
from the also webbed, but elongated hind
tracks of the beaver.
Once found throughout the Salt, Verde, Little Colorado, and probably also
the Gila, and Colorado river systems, this species is now confined to the
Verde River and its major tributaries where it was reintroduced in the
early 1980s.
Natural History
Although most otter activity is at night, hunting is by sight as well as
touch, and clear streams appear to be favorite haunts. The otter’s
usual fare is fish, waterbirds, turtles, eggs, and crawfish, the latter
now being the most conspicuous food item in their droppings.
The breeding season in Arizona is uncertain, but otters elsewhere usually
breed in late winter or early spring. Mating usually occurs in the water.
Pregnancy lasts about two months, but because of delayed implantation gestation
may take up to a year. Dens are located in natural shelters under rocks,
logs, flood debris, or in river banks. Litter sizes vary, but usually consist
of two or three pups. Weaning requires approximately three months, after
which the young disperse.
Hunting and Trapping History
Otters were never numerous enough in Arizona to provide an important fur
resource, although old photos show these animals being trapped and otherwise
taken for their pelts prior to 1930. Secondhand reports indicate that some
otters may also have been killed as fish predators. Whatever its past status,
this species is now completely protected in Arizona and has been for many
years.
Habitat
